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Compare Saint Martin (2007) - Saint Helena (2001)

Compare Saint Martin (2007) z Saint Helena (2001)

 Saint Martin (2007)Saint Helena (2001)
 Saint MartinSaint Helena
Administrative divisions - 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure - 0-14 years:
19.08% (male 699; female 687)

15-64 years:
71.72% (male 2,711; female 2,500)

65 years and over:
9.2% (male 286; female 383) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports 1 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1		 total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 54.4 sq km


land: 54.4 sq km


water: NEGL		 total:
410 sq km

land:
410 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes St. Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands
Area - comparative more than one-third the size of Washington, DC slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC
Background Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished St. Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of St. Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity. Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, St. Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.
Birth rate - 13.49 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$11.2 million

expenditures:
$11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92)
Capital name: Marigot


geographical coordinates: 18 04 N, 63 05 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)


daylight savings: +1 hour		 Jamestown
Climate temperature averages 80-85 degrees all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; July-Novemeber is the hurricane season Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline 58.9 km (for entire island) 60 km
Constitution 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 1 January 1989
Country name conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Martin


conventional short form: Saint Martin


local long form: Collectivity d'outre mer de Saint-Martin


local short form: Saint-Martin		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Saint Helena
Currency - Saint Helenian pound (SHP)
Death rate - 6.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas collectivity of France) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas collectivity of France) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international - none
Economic aid - recipient - $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview The economy of Saint Martin centers around tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the United States. Saint Martin is reported to have the highest per capita income in the Caribbean. The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption - 5.6 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 6 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m		 lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m
Environment - current issues fresh water supply is dependent on desalinization of sea water NA
Ethnic groups creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002) Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6047 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007)


head of government: President of the Territorial Council Louis-Constant FLEMING (since 16 July 2007)


cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council


election: French president elected by popular vote to a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term


election results: Louis-Constant FLEMING unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007		 chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government:
Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since NA June 1999)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports - $704,000 (f.o.b., 1995)
Exports - commodities - fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners - South Africa, UK
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of France is used blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP - purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 1%


industry: 15%


services: 84% (2000)		 agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 18 05 N, 63 57 W 15 56 S, 5 42 W
Geography - note the island of Saint Martin is the smallest landmass in the World shared by two independent states, the French territory of Saint Martin and the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns
Highways - total:
158 km (Saint Helena 118 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

paved:
138 km (Saint Helena 98km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

unpaved:
NA km 20 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $14.434 million (c.i.f., 1995)
Imports - commodities crude petroleum, food, manufactured items food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners US, Mexico (2006) UK, South Africa
Independence none (overseas collectivity of France) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries tourism, light industry and manufacturing, heavy industry construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing
Infant mortality rate - 22.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation UPU ICFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land - NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court
Labor force - 3,500 (1998 est.)

note:
1,200 of whom are working offshore
Labor force - by occupation 85% directly or indirectly employed in tourist industry agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries total: 15 km


border countries: Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 15 km		 0 km
Land use - arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
6%

other:
82% (1993 est.)
Languages French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles) English
Legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply NA
Legislative branch unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012)


election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%, Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir Saint-Martin 1		 unicameral Legislative Council (15 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 July 1997 (next to be held NA August 2001)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
77.01 years

male:
74.13 years

female:
80.04 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 20 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
98% (1987 est.)
Location island 300 km southeast of Puerto Rico islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about mid-way between South America and Africa
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims - exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is Schoalcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848) Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality - noun:
Saint Helenian(s)

adjective:
Saint Helenian
Natural hazards - active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha
Natural resources salt fish
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis Constant FLEMING]; Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]; Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET] none
Political pressure groups and leaders - none
Population 33,102 (October 2004 census) 7,266 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.72% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown
Radio broadcast stations FM 3 (2007) AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 3,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Protestant, Hindu Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.08 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age, universal NA years of age
Telephone system general assessment: fully integrated access


domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems


international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Gudaloupe		 general assessment:
can communicate with any place in the world

domestic:
automatic network

international:
HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK ; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 2,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 0 (1997)
Terrain - Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains

note:
the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin
Total fertility rate - 1.53 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Transportation - note nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten -
Unemployment rate - 14% (1998 est.)
Waterways - none
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